多裂缝压裂工艺研究及现场实践

Research and field application of multiple fracturing technology

何育荣 何骁 向斌 杜林麟

HE Yurong HE Xiao XIANG Bin DU Linlin

中国石化股份公司石油工程管理部，北京　100102 中石油西南油气田公司低效油气开发事业部，四川成都　610017 东方宝麟科技发展北京有限公司，北京　100083

Department of Petroleum Engineering Management in Sinopec Corp., Beijing 100102, China Low-Efficiency Hydrocarbon Development Department of Southwest Oil& Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610017, China

受储层地应力状态控制，双翼对称水力裂缝控制泄流面积有限，压裂油气井表现为初期产量高，产量递减快。多裂缝压裂是以增加主裂缝数目，并严格控制其裂缝形态为主要特征的新型压裂工艺，通过合理的施工参数和施工工艺控制主裂缝的条数和延伸方向，多方位沟通油气储集体，大幅度增加油气泄流面积，达到高产稳产的目的。在研究多裂缝产生机理的基础上，归纳出多裂缝的测试压裂特征和G函数特征。现场应用表明，多裂缝压裂技术能够极大地提高油气井产能。

Under the control of the formation stress, the two-wing hydraulic fracture geometry has a limited controlling drainage area. Oil gas well with this type fracture generally have a high initial production rate, but it declines rapidly. The multiple fracturing is a novel stimulation technique that not only increase in the number of the main fractures but also can rigorously control the fracture geometry. The number of directions of the main fractures can be controlled by the appropriate treatment parameters and technologies. In this way, these fractures can reach multiple the hydrocarbon reservoir areas simultaneously, which will increase the drainage area dramatically and keep the production rate in a higher level for a longer time. Based on the creating mechanism of multiple fractures, the feature of the minifrac and the G-function in multiple fracturing are induced. The field application indicates that multiple fracturing technique can greatly enhance the productivity of the well.