陆地钻机钻杆自动排放系统设计

Design on automatic pipe handling system for onshore drilling rig

侯学军 高德利

HOU Xuejun GAO Deli

中国石油大学石油工程教育部重点实验室，北京　102249 重庆科技学院，重庆　401331

MOE Key Lab of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China

钻杆自动排放系统主要用于海洋钻井，陆地钻井应用较少。为了减少陆地钻机起下钻作业时间，降低工人劳动强度，增加 钻井安全性能，提高钻井效率，针对陆地钻井常用井架，初步设计研究出一种结构简单、操作方便、能全程实现自动控制的三坐标钻 杆排放装置系统。该系统主要由主夹钳及平移系统、辅助夹钳及平移系统、竖直（Z向）滑道系统、以PCL-839和IPC为主的控制系统4 部分组成，安装在钻井平台和二层台之间，主要适用于陆上钻井常用的任意A型、K（或Π）型井架的钻井系统，能实现在起下钻和接 单根等作业流程中钻杆的自动夹持、提升、下放、平移等轨迹全程无人数字自动控制，是目前比较先进的钻杆自动排放系统

Automatic pipe handling system is mainly used in offshore drilling, but is rarely used in onshore drilling. For onshore drilling, in order to reduce the tripping time and labor intensity, and to increase the safety and efficiency, the automatic control pipe handling system for the onshore drilling was designed, by which drillers could be convenient to automatically control the three coordinates pipe handling equipment. It has a simple structure and is mainly suitable for the “A” type and “K” type (or “Π” type) drill derrick for onshore drilling rig. The system consists of four parts: the main tong and parallel moving track system, the assisting tong and parallel moving track system, the vertical(Z coordinate direction) moving track system and the control system with IPC (industrial personal computer) and PCL-839 card. It is mounted to drilling derrick between drilling floor and the racking board. It is currently one of the most advanced automatic pipe handling system, by which all the operation can be run during making a pipe connection or tripping, such as grasping pipe, picking up pipe, laying down pipe, parallel moving drilling stand to suitable position. The system can realize automatic numerical control without driller’s help.