活性泥页岩快速钻井钻井液技术

Study on drilling fluid technology for improving activated shale drilling rate

刘晓栋 王宇宾 宋有胜 黄名召 徐鸿志

LIU Xiaodong WANG Yubin SONG Yousheng HUANG Mingzhao XU Hongzhi

中国石油集团工程技术研究院，天津　300451 中国石油海洋工程有限公司钻井事业部，天津　300280

Research Institute of Engineering Technology, CNPC, Tianjin 300451, China Offshore Engineering Company Drilling Division, CNPC, Tianjin 300280, China

为解决活性泥页岩水化分散而导致井眼缩径、井壁垮塌、钻头泥包、起下钻不畅、卡钻等井下复杂问题，以聚胺抑制剂和防泥包快钻剂为主要处理剂，研制出一套适宜于活性泥页岩钻井的快速钻井液体系。钻井液抗高温流变性能实验表明，钻井液能抗温150 ℃以上，通过钠膨润土造浆试验、岩心耐崩塌试验、钻屑滚动回收和泥岩黏附聚集试验，表明其抑制性能和润滑性能接近于油基钻井液，可解决强造浆活性泥岩钻井出现的钻井液黏切升高、流变性能恶化，能有效防止泥岩井壁失稳、钻屑分散、钻头泥包、泥岩黏附和聚结。钻井液体系抗污染性能好，且生物无毒，满足排放标准。在南堡17-×1511井的成功应用表明，该钻井液体系一定程度上有效解决了水敏性活性泥页岩安全快速钻进问题，可进一步推广。

The problem of inhibition active shale hydration and dispersion for drilling water sensitivity formation has been attached a high degree attention. Shale dispersion can lead to hole shrinkage, wall collapse, bit balling, tripping resistance and pipe sticking. A suitable drilling fluid system was developed for activated shale drilling combined polyamine inhibitors with anti-accretion fast drilling additives. The drilling fluid can resist high temperature above 150 ℃ according to the experiment for anti-temperature rheological behavior of the fluid. The sodium bentonite make-slurry test, core collapse resistance test, shale cuttings recovery and accretion test show that the inhibitory property and lubrication performance are close to the oil-based drilling fluid performance, which can effectively prevent the drilling fluid viscosity-shear increasing, performance deteriorated when drilling strong make-slurry activated shale, and avoid shale borehole instability, cuttings dispersion, bit balling and sticky mud adhesion and accretion. The drilling fluid also has a good anti-pollution ability, biological non-toxic, and compliance with the emission standards. The successful application for Nanpu Well 17-×1511 shows the drilling fluid system has effectively solved the problem of safe and fast drilling for water-sensitivity formation and is suitable for further field application.