随钻地震技术研究进展

Review on study progress of seismic while drilling technology

苏义脑 徐义 盛利民 窦修荣

SU Yi’nao XU Yi SHENG Limin DOU Xiurong

中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院，北京　100083

Drilling Research Institute, CNPC, Beijing 100083, China

在钻井作业中利用地震波传感器对常规地震震源（如气枪、可控震源或炸药震源）或非常规震源（钻头振动）产生的地震波信号进行记录并获取VSP或逆VSP数据的技术被称为随钻地震技术。对该领域国内外研究进展进行了回顾，并对钻头随钻地震、扫频脉冲震击器随钻地震、随钻VSP等3种典型技术的原理、系统组成、功能、商业化应用及其优缺点进行了具体介绍和对比。通过分析，为国内随钻地震的下一步研究发展方向提出了建议。

Seismic While Drilling（SWD）specifically encompasses the seismic techniques to be operated while the drillstring is lowered in the borehole. The seismic wave field is detected and recorded by sensor deployed on the surface or integrated on the downhole tools. Regular seismic sources（such as explosive, air-gun and vibroseis）or drill-bit vibrations is utilized as the sources to obtain the VSP or Reverse-VSP data as well as check-shot data. This paper provides a state of the art review on both Drill-Bit SWD, the Swept Impulse Tool and VSP-SWD techniques used by the Industry. The principle, system configuration, function, and business application are described in detail, as well as advantages and shortcomings. The domestic research and development direction of SWD is suggested through analysis.