孪连型表面活性剂SL–1提高采收率研究与应用

EOR research of gemini surfactant SL–1 and its application

范传闻 刘卫东 萧汉敏 熊生春

FAN Chuanwen LIU Weidong XIAO Hanmin XIONG Shengchun

大庆油田采油十厂，黑龙江大庆　163318 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院，河北廊坊　065007

No.10 Oil Recovery Plant of Daqing Oilfield, Daqing 163318, China Langfang Branch, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Langfang 065007, China

孪连型表面活性剂具有表面活性高、临界胶束浓度低、泡沫稳定性好等特点，国外学者对其结构、性质等方面进行了研究，而国内研究起步较晚。介绍了季铵盐型表面活性剂的化学结构和合成方法，详细介绍了此种表面活性剂的驱油机理。表面张力法测得各种阳离子孪连表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度在0.08 ～0.12范围。孪连活性水在0.1��浓度下与大庆原油之 间的瞬时最低界面张力达到10–2mN/m。聚合物的存在会增加油水界面张力达到平衡值的时间，但不会影响值的大小。水驱之后注入0.15 PV表面活性剂溶液，提高采收率10��左右。现场试验表明，该表面活性剂能起到很好的降压增注、提高油井产量的效果。

The chemical constitution and composition of the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant is briefly introduced, and the oil displacement mechanism of the surfactant is introduced in detail. According to the surface tension measurement, the critical micelle concentration of all cationic gemini surfactants ranges from 0.08% to 0.12%. The transient lowest interfacial tension between the gemini active water and the crude oil from Daqing Oilfield reaches 10–2mN/m when the concentration of the gemini active water is below 0.1%. The time of the oil/water interfacial tension reaching the equilibrium value will be increased because of the polymer, but the equilibrium value will not be influenced. After water flooding, the EOR will be increased by 10% or so when the multiple of pore volume of the surfactant solution is 0.15. Field test shows that the surfactant can be used to reduce pressure, stimulate injection and increase the production of oil wells.