钻柱力学研究现状及进展

Research and development of drill string mechanics

李子丰 梁尔国

LI Zifeng LIANG Erguo

燕山大学，河北秦皇岛　066004

Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China

钻柱力学是井眼轨道设计和控制、钻柱设计及钻井参数优选的基础。从钻柱力学问题的提出、研究目标、研究方法、钻柱的运动状态、钻柱动力学基本方程、钻柱的拉力扭矩、钻柱的弹性稳定性、底部钻具组合受力、钻柱振动与涡动等方面分析了钻柱力学的发展状况。钻柱力学已经形成了比较完整的理论体系。钻柱静力学发展快，计算精度高。动力学发展则滞后较大，还有很多问题没有解决。结合现代钻井技术的发展趋势，对钻柱力学研究的未来走向做了初步探讨。基础理论研究、系统控制论理论与研究方法、动态特性测试及虚拟仿真技术将在钻柱力学的未来发展中扮演重要角色。

Drill string mechanics is the basis of the design and control of borehole trajectory, the drill string design, and the drilling parameter optimization. The development of drill string mechanics is discussed from the perspectives of the introduction of the topic, the research objective, the methods employed for the research, the motion behavior of the drill string, the fundamental equation for of drill string dynamics, the tension and torque of the drill string, the elastic stability of the drill string, the stress analysis of the bottom hole assembly, the drill string vibration and swirling. A relatively integrated theory has been developed for the drill string mechanics. The drill string statics developes rapidly with high accuracy. However, the drill string dynamics lags behind considerably, and a lot of problems have not yet been solved. Combined with the development of modern drilling technologies, a preliminary discussion is made on the prospect for the research trend of drill string mechanics. Fundamental theory research, system control theories and methods, dynamic characteristics tests, and fictitious simulation technologies will play an important role in the development of drill string mechanics.