抽油泵固定阀球最佳跳动高度的确定

Determination of optimal jumping height of fixed valves of sucker rod pumps and its field application

吴刚 李隽 许晶 吴俊霞 韩永 安淑凯

WU Gang LI Jun XU Jing WU Jun-xia HAN Yong AN Shu-kai

华北油田公司采油工艺研究院, 河北任丘 062552 华北油田公司第四采油厂, 河北廊坊 065007

华北油田第四采油厂部分油井沉没度超过100 m,而泵效却较低,只有20%。为了提高这部分油井泵效,对泵效影响因素进行分析,发现了气蚀效应对泵效的影响。通过计算重新确定了固定阀球最佳跳动高度,其移动距离由传统的45 mm降低为12 mm,减少了原油中的溶解气逸出和气蚀的影响,解决了阀球运动距离较大导致阀来不及关闭、原油漏失率大的问题。现场应用中改进泵的固定阀罩后,油井平均泵效提高了18%,证明固定阀球跳动高度改为12 mm后能有效提高油井泵效。

The submergence depth of some oil wells of the Fourth Oil Production Plant in Huabei Oilfield has exceeded 100 m,while the pump efficiency is relatively low,only 20%.To improve the pump efficiency of these wells,this paper analyzes the factors that affect pump efficiency and founds out the effect of cavitation erosion on it.The optimal jumping height of fixed valves is determined based on calculation,with the travel decreasing to 12 mm from 45 mm before.This reduces the effect of the dissolved gas escaping from crude oil and the cavitation erosion,solving the problems of the valve and the high leaking rate of crude oil,which are caused by the long distance.In 2005,the laboratory research results of Yangtze University were applied to the field.As a result,the pump efficiency of oil wells increased by 18% on average after improving the fixed bonnet of pumps.It proves that the pump efficiency can be effectively improved by changing the jumping height of fixed valves into 12 mm.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2007.03.011