不同微生物对青海原油的降解效果

Degradation of crude oil by various microbes in Qinghai Oilfield

向廷生 付华娥 张敏

XIANG Ting-sheng FU Hua-e ZHANG Min

长江大学教育部油气资源与勘探技术重点实验室, 湖北荆州 434023

MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Exploration Technology in Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China

为研究不同微生物在实验条件下对青海原油的降解情况,筛选优良菌种,以此探讨微生物降解原油的机理。在实验条件下选用3种不同的菌种,以青海原油为唯一碳源,在37℃时摇床培养6d,培养液表面张力值都下降,菌种B的培养液表面张力值由55.3 mN/m降至47.4 mN/m;对经微生物作用后的原油中饱和烃进行了气相色谱分析,发现3种微生物都使原油中的长链烷烃含量相对增加,短链烷烃含量相对减小,菌种B使原油的Pr/nC17比值由0.542增加到3.262,Ph/nC18比值由1.351增加到10.748,正构烷烃优先降解。研究表明,菌种B是一种有应用前景的采油微生物。

The degradation of crude oil with different microbes in Qinghai Oilfield is studied for evaluating the performance of microbes and discussing the mechanism of microbiology enhance oil recovery.In the laboratory condition,three different bacteria can use the Qinghai crude oil as the sole carbon source in appropriate nutrition condition.After incubate six days at 37℃,the surface tension of medium is reduced.The surface tension of the medium of bacteria B is reduced to 47.4 mN/m.The crude oils treated by bacteria are analyzed with gas chromatograph(GC).The results of GC show that the lighter compounds of crude oils are decreased,but the long chain hydrocarbon compounds is increased.The rate of pr/nC17 of the crude oil degraded by bacteria B is increased from 0.542 to 3.262,while the rate of ph/nC18 is increased from 1.351 to 10.748.So the bacteria B have great potential in microbial enhanced oil recovery.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2007.02.023