硬关井水击问题及减小水击措施的探讨

Discussion of water hammer and measure to reduce water hammer pressure about hard shut-in

骆发前 何世明 黄桢 李荣 范兴亮 陈远儒

LUO Fa-qian HE Shi-ming HUANG Zhen LI Rong FAN Xing-liang CHEN Yuan-ru

西南石油大学, 四川 成都 610500 塔里木油田公司, 新疆 库尔勒 841000 四川石油管理局川东开发公司, 重庆 400021 四川石油管理局国际工程公司, 四川 成都 610051

通过对各种关井方式优、缺点的比较,指出了解决硬关井时水击问题的工程意义。对于硬关井来说,水击造成的危害是不容忽视的,必须采取有效措施,从分析井内气、液、固三相流中水击波速入手,推导了水击压力波的传播速度计算公式,结合相应的控制方程对其进行了简要的分析以及实例计算。最后,在分析了各种减小水击压力的方法后,提出在井口加装储能式空气罐控制水击压力的尝试,而且对设有空气罐和未设空气罐的不同井口装置进行了水击压力的理论研究,计算表明,井口安装有空气罐时能够有效地控制水击,这一认识对现场钻井生产具有一定的指导意义。

The Engineering importance to solution water hammer of hard shut-in has been obtained from comparing the advantages and disadvantages of all sorts of shut-in.the harmer of water pressure is not ignorable,and must take steps to avoid of it.The propagation speed calculating formula of water hammer pressure wave has been conducted based on the analysis of water hammer pressure wave speed of three-phase flow(gas,liquid,solid) in the hole,and calculated of it combined with control equation.Finally,it is put forward the method by install an air storage tank to control water hammer pressure at well head after analysis various methods of reducing water hammer pressure.The water harmer theoretical research of install air tank and without install shows that the water hammer pressure can be controlled efficiently by install air tank at wellhead,it can provide direction for oilfield drilling.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2006.03.020