负压脉冲钻井技术理论及方法

DISCUSSION ON THEORY METHODOLOGY OF SUCTION-PULSE DRILLING TECHNIQUE

王智锋

Wang Zhifeng

胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院, 山东东营 257017

Shengli Drilling Technology Research Institute, Dongying 257017, Shandong

国内油气勘探开发逐渐向深部地层发展,钻井施工中遇到的地层更加复杂、坚硬,岩石可钻性级别不断上升,机械钻速大幅度下降。井底负压脉冲技术既可实现井底负压又可提高射流能量,因此在提高深部地层机械钻速上具有独到的优势。分析了负压脉冲钻井提高机械钻速的原理及特点,介绍了国内外具有代表性的几种负压脉冲工具的工作原理及特点,着重介绍了胜利油田MCP-178型机械阻断式脉冲钻井工具的研制与应用,对提高深部地层钻井速度,降低钻井成本具有重要意义。

At present,since petroleum exploration development activities are going towards deep formation in china,formation encountered during drilling operation become harder and more complex with raised rock drillability,resulting in dramatic decrease of ROP(rate of penetration).The suction-pulse system not only generates suction pressure at the hole bottom,but also enhances jet energy to a certain degree.Therefore,this technique has unique advantage in improving ROP while drilling in deep formations.In this paper,how suction-pulse drilling enhances ROP is analyzed,and operating mechanism and characteristics of several kinds of representative suction-pulse tools are presented.Finally, ideas and direction for developing suction-pulse tools are put forward,which are of great significance in improving ROP and reducing cost whilie drilling in deep formation.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2005.06.005