钻头选型方法综述

REVIEW ON DRILL BIT SELECTION METHODS

张辉 高德利

Zhang Hui Gao Deli

中国石油大学石油天然气工程学院, 北京 102249

Petroleum and Gas Engineering Faculty, China Petroleum of University, Beijing 102249

钻头的合理选型对提高钻进速度、降低钻井综合成本起着重要作用。对近年来国内外钻头选型的主要方法进行了比较全面的总结与评述。目前,钻头选型方法大致可概括为3种:一是钻头使用效果评价法;二是岩石力学参数法;三是综合法。钻头使用效果评价法把反映钻头使用效果的一个或多个指标作为钻头选型的依据;岩石力学参数法根据待钻地层的某一个或几个岩石力学参数,结合钻头厂家的使用说明进行钻头选型;综合法把钻头使用效果和地层岩石力学性质结合起来进行选型。详细介绍了各种选型方法的基本原理,并分析其不足之处。最后指出PDC钻头合理选型方法研究是今后钻头选型领域研究的重点。

Rational selection of the bit type is of major importance in achieving high penetration rates and reducing drilling comprehensive cost. The primary methods for bit selection in recent years at home and abroad are summarized and evaluated. At present, bit selection methods can be classified into three types. The first is called bit usage effect method by which the bit selection was decided by parameters, which could reflect the performance of the bit. The second is named rock mechanics parameter method by which the bit selection was decided both by one or several rock mechanics parameters of the format ions, which would be countered in the drilling process, and by manufacturers’ product guides. The last is comprehensive method. Combined bit usage effect with rock mechanics parameters, the bit type is selected by use of this method. The primary principle of each method was described. At the same time, the shortcomings of each method were analyzed. Finally, key problems and the development trend in this field are pointed out.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2005.04.001