深井高能气体压裂技术试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HIGH ENERGY GAS FRACTURING TECHNIQUE OF DEEP WELL

李文魁

Li Wenkui

西安石油学院高能气体压裂技术中心

高能气体压裂是一项新兴的增产技术,它涉及力学、火炸药及石油工程等很多学科领域,具有很强的理论性和应用性。本文仅从应用研究方面,阐述该技术的室内外试验,中深井现场试验及越深井试验。室内外试验表明,在不同的围压及加载速率下,高能气体压裂可产生3~5条径向裂缝,形成的多缝体系具有明显的增产效果;三轴试验结果认为高能气体压裂在井中造成的压力高于水力压裂所产生的压力,并有可能超过岩石的弹性极限,使得卸载时产生永久变形,在地层中产生一定缝宽的残留缝,虽无支撑裂缝也不闭合;现场试验对工艺的可行性及成功率进行了验证,表明工艺成功,且均有不同程度的增产效果。

High energy gas fracturing is a new and developing well stimulation technique. It involves many scientific spheres such as mechanics, gunpowder detonation and petroleum engineering etc.,has a theory and applicabillty. From the respect of applying study,this paper expounds the laboratatortal tests and field tests of medium deep well and ultra deep well. The test results show that high energy gas fracturing may produce between 3 and 5 radiai fractures,which has obvious well increasing production effect, in different confined pressure and loading rate. The three-axis test results indicate that the pressure produced by high energy gas fracturing is higher than that by hydraulic fracturing,even exceeds elastic limit of rock, which maybe produce permanent deformation and some remnant fractures after unloading,the remnant fractures do not close even though no prop agent. The feasibility and success ratio of this technology are verified in field tests,results show that it has high success ratio and different degree increasing production effect.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.1995.02.012