摘要
从沉积上看,中国的地质发展史,从晚元古代以来可以中三叠世印支运动中幕划分为两个截然不同的阶段,第一阶段是以海相沉积为主的海陆交互变迁过程,第二阶段是陆盆沉积发育时期。回溯中国最早的地壳运动是阜平运动(距今约30亿年)、五台运动(距今约24亿年)及吕梁运动(距今约18亿年)。它们导致了由泰山群、五台群、滹沱群三套变质岩系组成基底的中朝陆台的形成,而在其它广阔的地区为泛海洋分布,形成海陆对峙面貌,沉积了槽盆相的长城系—青白口系—蓟县系,并由海向陆逐渐转化。晋宁与澄江运动(约7—8亿年前)使扬子、塔里木、中朝等地台联为古中华陆。
Abstract
Since late Proterozoic to Middle Triasic,China's sedimentological strata are predominently marine sediments.After that,large part of ancient China Sea reversed into continent,thus initiating a new history of development of continental basins.The important features of China's continental basins are their development by stages which are clearly under control of regionally comparable episodes.The episodes occurred since Meso-Cenozoic time are,the pre-Late Jurassic,pre-Middle Cretaceous,pre-Eocene and pre-Oligocene,etc.They are not only the prevailing factors for division of development stages of continental basins,but also main geological account for stratigraphical division and correlation.On the basis of temporal and spacial relationship of both formation and evolution of continental basins,they can roughly be classified into following major types,such as trough-basin,widened-basins and platform-basin.Each of these types has its own specific shape,configuration,lithofacies and mineral resources.Their formation and distribution depend on the way of the geological stress behaves and the difference in boundary conditions.It is due to superimposition in space and time that produces a unified basin of present shape,but essentially comprising various types of basins.On the contrary,there are some basins which seem to be discrete at present,but originally they might be unified ones.These cases are not only common,but also have their influence on the formation,accurriulation and redistribution of oil and gas,even other minerals.So,this study is of practical significance for oil and gas prospecting and exploration.