中国喜马拉雅运动的期次及其动力学背景

Episodes and geodynamic setting of Himalayan movement in China

贾承造 何登发 陆洁民

Jia Chengzao He Dengfa Lu Jiemin

黄汲清先生于1945年提出用喜马拉雅运动表示中国境内新生代的造山运动。这一概念为地球科学家普遍接受,但在构造运动分期与地球动力学背景的认识上存在分歧。在对前人的基本观点进行分析的基础上,结合地质地貌、岩浆活动、构造变形等大量资料,提出喜马拉雅运动可以分为早、中、晚三期,分别对应于始新世晚期、古近纪与新近纪之间、新近纪与第四纪之间的构造活动。印度与欧亚的碰撞及其持续挤压作用导致了青藏高原及其东南缘与北缘强烈挤压缩短与隆升,东亚大陆向东挤出、深部岩石圈隆升与弧后扩张作用导致了中国东部及其滨太平洋带的伸展裂陷作用。

In 1945, Mr. Huang Jiqing suggested using the term Himalayan movement to describe the Cenozoic orogenic movement in China. This concept has widely been accepted by the geoscientists. However, disagreements still exist regarding the episodes and geodynamic setting of tectonic movements. Based on analysis of basic concepts suggested previously, and in combination with various data, including geology, geomorphology, magmatic activities and structural deformation, it is proposed that Himalayan movement can be divided into early, middle and late episodes, which are corresponding respectively to tectonic activities in late Eocene, between Paleogene and Neogene, and between Noegene and Quaternary. Collision of Indian and Eurasia plates and continuous compression led to strong compression, shortening and uplifting of Qinghai Tibet Plateau including its southeastern and northern margins. East ward compression of East Asia continent, uplifting of deep lithosphere and back arc spreading resulted in extensional rifting in eastern China and its peri Pacific zone.

10.11743/ogg20040201