深层页岩气水平井高效破岩提速技术发展现状

Development Status of High-efficiency Rock-breaking and Speed-increasing Technologies for Deep Shale Gas Horizontal Wells

祝效华 李瑞 刘伟吉 李枝林 陆灯云

ZHUXiaohua LIRui LIUWeiji LIZhilin LUDengyun

西南石油大学机电工程学院, 四川 成都 610500 石油天然气装备教育部重点实验室, 四川 成都 610500 中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司, 四川 成都 610051

School of Mechatronic Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Equipment, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, CNPC, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China

目前，中国已经基本形成了经济开采中浅层页岩气的工程技术体系，正向深层迈进(大于3 500m)。深层页岩气埋藏丰富，开发潜力巨大，但深部岩石高硬度、高塑性及高研磨性等导致的钻速慢、成本高的问题极为突出。为此，介绍了深层页岩气钻井中钻头高效破岩方法及影响因素，主要包含两个方面：1)分析总结了深层页岩气水平井减摩降扭提高钻头破岩动力的高效传送技术；2)分析总结了适用于深层页岩气的强攻击、长寿命钻头和钻齿新技术、提速工具辅助钻头强化破岩参数技术及提速工具-钻头一体化参数匹配提速技术，并简要阐述了几种非机械高效破岩新方法，以期为今后实现深层页岩气经济高效勘探开发提供参考。

At present, China has basically formed the economic exploitation of shallow shale gas engineering technology system, and is moving towards deep layer (more than 3 500 m) exploitation. Deep shale gas has great development potential with rich reserve. But the problems of slow drilling speed and high cost caused by high hardness, high plasticity and high abrasiveness of deep rock are very prominent. Therefore, the efficient rock breaking methods and influencing factors in deep shale gas drilling are introduced. We analyze and summarize the efficient transmission technology of reducing friction and torsion in deep shale gas horizontal wells to improve bit breaking power; and we analyze and summarize new technologies of bit and tooth with strong attacking power and longer service, technology of rock breaking parameter enhancement by using speed-raising tool to assist bit and speed-raising tool-bit parameter matching technology that is suitable for deep shale gas, and briefly describe several new non-mechanical and efficient rock breaking methods, aiming to providing a reference for future economic and efficient exploration and development of deep shale gas.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2021.04.05.01