非磺化绿色抗温水基降滤失剂研究进展

Performance and Action Mechanism of Corrosion Inhibitors Used in Sulfuric Acid Corrosive Environment of Ground Pipe Network

由福昌 侯珊珊 吴 宇 周书胜

YOU Fuchang HOU Shanshan WU Yu ZHOU Shusheng

随着我国油气勘探开发逐渐向海洋及更深部地层不断扩展，以及磺化类材料被提议列入我国“危险废弃物名录”，开发水基钻井液用非磺化抗高温降滤失剂已成为当前的紧迫任务。通过梳理国内外水基抗高温绿色非磺化降滤失剂的相关研究，概述了高温水基钻井液非磺化降滤失剂的研究进展。将非磺化降滤失剂主要分为3类：改性天然高分子类、人工合成高分子类和有机/无机复合纳米类。涵盖改性淀粉、改性腐殖酸、改性低聚糖、合成聚合物、改性树脂、石墨烯、其他纳米类材料等类型。重点综述了非磺化原材料的选择、制备方法、产品性能及作用机理。通过分析各类抗高温非磺化类降滤失剂的优缺点和适应性，预测了未来的发展趋势。改性天然高分子类在夯实醚化、酯化、交联、接枝等方法的基础上，将朝着复合改性方向发展，以平衡其无毒可降解性能和抗温性能；人工合成高分子类和有机/无机复合纳米类具有明显的抗温优势，重点在于成本与性能间的平衡，非磺化单体的选择及生产工艺的简化是关键。

An N-doped carbon dots corrosion inhibitor was synthesized by microwave method to improve the corrosion problem of ground pipe network under sulfur-containing acidic high-temperature environment. Its corrosion inhibition effect on N80 carbon steel in simulated solution at 25 ℃，60 ℃ and 90 ℃ was tested by electrochemical and weight loss methods. The results showed that the efficiency of corrosion inhibitor（ECI）increased with the increase of the temperature. The ECI reached the maximum of 94.16% at the temperature of 25 ℃ at the NCDs dosage of 150 mg/L. The maximum was 82.92% at the temperature of 60 ℃ at the NCDs dosage of 200 mg/L. At the temperature of 90 ℃ and at the NCDs dosage of 150 mg/L，it reached up to 69.59%. The analysis of corrosion morphology showed that the depth and number of corrosion pits on the steel were the largest at the temperature of 90 ℃. The adsorption isotherm curve showed that the adsorption equilibrium constant of NCDs was the largest at 90 ℃，but the local corrosion was more serious at high temperature. In addition，it is found that the adsorption type of N-doped carbon dots was physical and chemical mixed adsorption. The carbon dots corrosion inhibitor could effectively solve the corrosion of ground pipelines at high temperature and prolong the service life.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.03.022