一种环保非水基钻井液体系的构建及其性能评价

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of an Environmental Protection Non-water Based Drilling Fluid System

刘雪婧 耿铁 刘卫丽 陈翔宇 郭志娟

LIU Xuejing GENG Tie LIUWeili CHEN Xiangyu GUO Zhijuan

为满足日益严苛的环保要求，通过测试乳化剂、内相盐、基液等的生物毒性及降解性，研究植物油酸及其酯 类衍生物类乳化剂BIO-EMUL与BIO-COAT复配乳化剂溶液与BIO-OIL形成的油包水乳液的电稳定性、乳化效 率以及BIO-EMUL 与BIO-COAT 复配乳化剂溶液与BIO-OIL 间的界面张力和界面流变性，以BIO-EMUL 和 BIO-COAT为基础，结合基液BIO-OIL 以及乙酸钠溶液，构建了一种环保非水基钻井液体系，并研究了该钻井液 的基本性能和抗污染能力。结果表明，BIO-EMUL、BIO-COAT能有效降低油/水界面张力，形成破乳电压达350 V，乳化效率达95%的油包水乳液。该体系的LC50为28 200 mg/L，BOD5/CODCr＞0.25，是生物毒性低，降解性良 好的环境友好型油包水乳液。配制的钻井液体系适用密度范围广，抗污染能力强，为今后环保非基钻井液体系 及材料的研究提供了基础。

In order to satisfy the increasingly stringent requirements for environmental protection，the biological toxicity and degradability of several emulsifiers， internal phase salts and base fluids were tested， and then an environment-friendly non-water-based drilling fluid system was constructed on the basis of plant oleic acid and its ester derivative BIO-EMUL and BIO-COAT，combining with base fluid BIO-OIL and sodium acetate solution by measuring the electrical stability，emulsifying efficiency of water-in oil emulsion and oil/water interfacial tension，interfacial rheology between BIO-EMUL+BIO-COAT solutions and BIO-OIL. The fundamental performance and anti-contamination ability of the drilling fluid was evaluation. The results showed that BIO-EMUL and BIO-COAT could effectively reduce the interfacial tension of oil/water and form water-in-oil emulsions with demulsification voltage up to 350 V and emulsifying efficiency up to 95%. The LC50 of the water-in-oil emulsion system was about 28 200 mg/L，and the BOD5/CODCr was greater than 0.25，indicating that it was an environment-friendly system with low biological toxicity and good degradability. The prepared drilling fluid system had a wide range of applicable density and strong anti-contamiation ability，which provided a foundation for the future study of environmental protection non-water-based drilling fluid system and materials.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.04.001