含笼状纳米粒子复合降滤失剂的制备与性能

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Composite Fluid Loss Reducer Containing Caged Nanoparticles

李新亮 段明 邓正强 鲜丽缘 粟姚丽 徐子成

LI Xinliang DUAN Ming DENG Zhengqiang XIAN Liyuan SU YaoLi XU Zicheng

以笼状低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）为有机/无机杂化组分，以丙烯酰胺（AM）、2-丙烯酰胺-2 甲基丙磺酸 （AMPS）、十八烷基二甲基烯丙基氯化铵为反应单体，通过乳液聚合法制备了一种有机/无机复合降滤失剂 PAAD，并分析了PAAD在高温高钙环境下对膨润土基浆流变性和滤失性的影响。研究表明，降滤失剂PAAD结 构中POSS与聚合物基质相容性好，在水溶液中可形成交联网状结构，热分解温度超过300 ℃，200 ℃下其水溶 液仍具有较高黏度。PAAD在膨润土基浆中具有增黏降滤失作用，在10% CaCl2含量下，2.0% PAAD可使膨润土 基浆在150 ℃下老化16 h 后的滤失量由150 mL降低至15.4 mL，且形成了致密滤饼。微观分析表明PAAD屏蔽 了高温高钙对膨润土颗粒的不利影响，有效维持膨润土颗粒的分散稳定性。POSS粒子研究前景广阔，未来可进 一步探究改性POSS粒子对聚合物抗高温性能的影响。

Taking polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane （POSS） as the organic/inorganic hybrid components and acrylamide （AM），2-acrylamide-2 methyl propyl sulfonic acid（AMPS），octadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride as monomers，a kind of organic/inorganic composite fluid loss additive PADD was prepared by emulsion polymerization method. The temperature tolerance and calcium resistance properties of PADD in bentonite slurry were analyzed. The results showed that the POSS compound in PAAD had good compatibility with the polymer matrix，and could form a cross-network structure in aqueous solution. The thermal decomposition temperature of PAAD exceeded 300 ℃，and the viscosity of the PAAD aqueous solution still was higher at the temperature of 200 ℃. PAAD had the effect of increasing viscosity and reducing fluid loss in bentonite slurry. After hot-rolling at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 16 h，2.0% PAAD could reduce the fluid loss of bentonite slurry contaminated by 10% CaCl2 from 150 mL to 15.4 mL，thereby forming a dense filter cake. Microstructure analysis showed that PAAD could effectively shield the adverse effect of high temperature and high calcium on bentonite particles，which could maintain the dispersion stability of bentonite. The research prospect of POSS particles is broad，and the effect of modified POSS particles on the high temperature resistance of polymers should be further explored in the future.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.04.003