自愈合材料在油气钻采领域中的研究现状

Research Status of Self-healing Materials in the Field of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production

桑宇彤 郑憬希 张艺夕 张丰润泽 暴丹 张鹏

SANG Yutong ZHENG Jingxi ZHANG Yixi ZHANG Fengrunze BAO Dan ZHANG Peng

自愈合材料是一类受外界作用损坏后本身能自我愈合的材料，对于延长材料使用寿命，消除安全隐患，降 低维护成本具有重要意义，近年来在油气钻采领域取得了广泛研究与应用。基于不同的愈合方式将自愈合材料 分为外援型和本征型，系统概述了外援型（微胶囊、油气激活型材料、压差激活密封剂）和本征型（物理自愈合、化 学自愈合）自愈合材料的愈合机理及特点。物理自愈合主要有氢键、疏水缔合、静电、主客体识别等作用，化学自 愈合主要有亚胺键、酰腙键、双硫键等的结合与断裂。总结了不同类型自愈合材料在固井、井下管件修复、防漏 堵漏、固壁、降滤失、调剖堵水等领域的研究现状，并对其发展前景进行展望。

Self-healing material is a kind of material which can heal itself after being damaged by external action. It is of great significance to prolong the service life of materials，eliminate safety hazards and reduce maintenance costs. In recent years，it has been widely researched and applied in the field of oil and gas drilling and production. Self-healing materials were classified into external and intrinsic types based on different healing methods. The healing mechanisms and characteristics of external （microcapsules，oil and gas activated materials，differential pressure activated sealants） and intrinsic （physical self-healing， chemical self-healing）self-healing materials were systematically summarized in this paper. Physical self-healing mainly included hydrogen bonding，hydrophobic association，ionic bond actions，host-guest recognition. Chemical self-healing mainly included the combination and fracture of imine bond，acylhydrazone bond，disulfide bond，etc. The research status of different types of self-healing materials in the fields of well cementing，downhole pipe fittings repair，leak-proof plugging，wellbore strengthening， fluid loss reduction，and profile control and water shutoff was summarized，and the prospects for their development were prospected.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.04.024