页岩油微观渗流机理研究进展

Research progress of microscopic percolation mechanism of shale oil

王鸣川 王燃 岳慧 张薇 王付勇 陈志强

WANG Mingchuan WANG Ran YUE Hui ZHANG Wei WANG Fuyong CHEN Zhiqiang

1. 中国石化页岩油气勘探开发重点实验室, 北京 102206; 2. 中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 102206; 3. 中国石油大学(北京) 非常规油气科学技术研究院, 北京 102249

1. SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Shale Oil/Gas Exploration and Production Technology, Beijing 102206, China; 2. SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China; 3. Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China

页岩油已成为全球非常规油气资源勘探开发的重点，但其开发面临诸多挑战。针对页岩油赋存孔隙空间复杂、渗流机理尚不明确和研究方法亟需探索的关键问题，从孔隙尺度和岩心尺度，系统阐述了页岩油微观渗流机理在实验方法和计算模拟方面的研究现状，探讨了目前存在的问题和未来研究的发展趋势。结果显示，目前多种实验方法结合能较好表征页岩孔隙结构，但对微尺度与岩心尺度流动的表征尚存在不足；孔隙尺度流动机理研究以格子玻尔兹曼方法为代表的直接法和以孔隙网络模拟为代表的间接法为主，但对微尺度效应的考虑有待完善；岩心尺度流动机理研究主要为基于毛管束模型和分形理论，建立考虑边界层效应的渗流模型。指出充分考虑页岩油微纳米孔隙中流动边界吸附/滑移、密度/黏度非均质性、应力敏感、启动压力梯度等因素，耦合不同尺度渗流机理，构建能够准确表征页岩油多相多尺度流动特征的数学模型是未来的主要研究方向。

Shale oil has become the focus of the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources in the world, but its development faces many challenges. Aiming at the complex pore space, the unclear percolation mechanism, and the urgent need to explore research methods of shale oil, this paper systematically expounded the research status of microscopic percolation mechanism of shale oil in experimental methods and computational simulation, and discussed the existing problems and the development trend of future research from the perspective of pore-scale and core-scale. The results show that the combination of various experimental methods can well characterize the pore structure of shale, but the characterization of micro-scale and core-scale flow is still insufficient. The direct method represented by Lattice Boltzmann Method and the indirect method represented by pore network simulation are the main methods to study pore-scale flow mechanism, but the consideration of micro-scale effect needs to be improved. The study of core-scale flow mechanism is mainly to establish a percolation model considering boundary layer effect based on capillary bundle model and fractal theory. It is pointed out that the main future research direction is to fully consider the factors such as boundary adsorption/slip, density/viscosity heterogeneity, stress sensitivity, start-up pressure gradient of shale oil in micro-nano pores, realize multi-scale percolation mechanism coupling, and establish a mathematical model that can accurately characterize the multi-phase and multi-scale flow of shale oil.

中国石化重点基础前瞻研究项目(P22205)资助。

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz202401098