赋能纳米碳提高原油采收率研究进展

Research Progress on Functionalization Nanocarbons for Enhanced Oil Recovery

刘锐 陈泽洲 高石 蒲万芬 杜代军

LIURui CHENZezhou GAOShi PUWanfen DUDaijun

油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室·西南石油大学, 四川 成都 610500 西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院, 四川 成都 610500 中国石油大港油田分公司采油工艺研究院, 天津 滨海新区 300280 俄罗斯喀山联邦大学石油工程学院, 俄罗斯 喀山 420008

National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China Petroleum Engineering School, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China Oil Production Technology Research Institute, Dagang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Binhai New Area, Tianjin 300280, China Department of Petroleum Engineering, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia

赋能纳米碳由于高横纵比和两亲化结构，体现出表面活性剂、分子薄膜、胶体、液晶分子和聚合物的多面特性，在纳米化学提高原油采收率领域独具优势和应用潜力。调研总结了一维碳纳米管、二维石墨烯等纳米碳结构和性质的共性与特性，全面归纳了纳米碳的起源、制备方法与赋能路径；提出了油藏高温、高矿化度条件纳米碳的精细调控赋能策略，剖析了赋能纳米碳在水-油和水-岩石界面吸附和组装机制，多维度精细表征手段及信息化物理模拟方法。以水驱油藏波及系数和波及区内驱油效率均低的普遍性问题为导向，基于纳米的分子—粒子跨尺度特征和水-油-岩界面效应提炼了赋能纳米碳大幅扩大波及系数和提高驱油效率的协同耦合机制。最后，提出了赋能纳米碳提高原油采收率规模应用存在的问题和低碳、高效的发展路径。

Owing to their amphiphilic, and high aspect ratio, functionalization nanocarbons display multifaceted properties of surfactant, molecular film, colloid, liquid crystal molecule and polymer, stimulating their unique advantages and application potential application in enhanced oil recovery. This paper summarizes the common and unique characteristics of the structures and properties of the nanocarbons composing of 1D carbon nanotube and 2D graphene, the preparation methods, and their functionalization routes. The lipophilic-hydrophilic tailoring modification for nanocarbons on harsh reservoir temperature and salinity is proposed. Guided by the universal problem of low sweep efficiency and low micro-displacement efficiency of water flooding reservoirs, the absorption and self-assembly mechanisms of functionalization nanocarbons at water/oil and water/rock interfaces are analyzed, and multi-dimensional characterizations and information-based physical simulations of functionalization nanocarbons are summarized. Based on the nano-scale molecular and cross-scale characteristics and water/oil/rock interface effects, the coupled enhanced oil recovery mechanisms of functionalization nanocarbons on enhancing sweep volume and improving displacement efficiency are elucidated. The papers ends with a critical and perspective outline on the existing problems in the large-scale application of functionalization nanocarbons and their route to the low-carbon cost for enhanced oil recovery.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2022.06.13.02