摘要
文中首先指出,波动方程和现代信息论的应用构成今天地震数据处理的两大支柱.七十年代地震数字处理中发展最快的方法之一是波动方程偏移,偏移方法已有十多种.文中涉及数字偏移、绕射扫描偏移、克希霍夫积分求和偏移、差分法偏移、频率-波数域偏移、深度偏移、迭前偏移和利用波动方程提取速度参量以及合成地震记录等问题.我国从七十年代初期开始在模拟回放仪上进行偏移试验研究,到目前为止,主要的偏移方法已经在各种型号的电子计算机上实现.诚然,同国外先进技术比较还有不小的差距,但在某些方面我们也有所改进和创新.文中论述了研究波动方程偏移值得注意的几个问题,推测地震勘探新的突破可能是以迭前偏移研究为其始点.
Abstract
It is, in the first place, pointed out in this paper that the application of wave equation and up-to-date information theory have become the two mainstays for seismic data-processing today.During the 1970s, the wave equation migration was one of the fastest methods of seismic digital processing. There are more than ten different kinds of this method. This paper deals with digital migration, diffraction scan migration, Kirchhoff-integral summation migration, difference migration, frequency-wave number domain migration, depth migration and some other problems related to the velocity parameters as well as sythentic seismograms which are to be obtained by means of wave equation.A study on migration experiment with analog playback system started in our country since early 70s. The principal migration methods have been, hitherto, proved available to different types of electronic computers. To be true, compared with the advanced technique abroad, still we have a long way to go. However we have, to some extent, improved and brought forth new ideas in certain respects.Also, some problems which merit geophysicists attention with respect to the study or wave equation migration are discusced. By inference, the migration before stacking would be easily the starting point for a new breakthrough to seismic exploration.
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