摘要
本文基于我国多年来人工爆炸地震、重力、航空磁测以及天然地震对地壳构造的研究进行了综合分析,给出了我国不同地区地壳厚度的变化和其区域性特征,并特别强调了按照地壳厚度和深部断层分类的原则。文中给出了中国地壳构造的基本轮廓分布图。中国地壳的沉积岩层和地壳整体厚度均由东向西逐渐增厚,但他们的分布是不均匀的。地壳厚度的突变地带与地震活动、构造运动相关,同时又是地球物理场显著变化带和地质上的蛇绿岩套与混杂堆集的地带以及大型断裂的汇集地带。基于这些要素,全国及相邻地区可以划分为九个块体。由于块体边界均为纵横的大型断裂所切割,故在我国大陆、临海及其相邻地带构成了多个断块的镶嵌构造。这些块体的大小、形态均不相同。它们反映了深部地壳与上地幔物质运移的特征及其对地壳构造与形态的影响。
Abstract
In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the crust formation has been made on the basis of seismic, gravimetric, aeromagnetic and earthquake observations. The variation and the regional feature of the crust in thick in our country are given. The principle of classification by the thick of the crust and the faults in depth is particularly emphasized. The map of "The General Picture of the Crust of China" is presented.In China, the sedimentary rocks and the crust itself are unevenly thickening from east to west. The zones with sudden change in thickness are related to earthquakes and tectogenesis. In geophysical field, theyusually appear to be sudden-change zones; in geology, -as the ophiolitesets, the hybrid sediments and large faulted zones. Taking all mentioned above into account, we can divide China (including its contiguous areas) into nine blocks. Because of the boundaries of these blocks are formed with longitudinal and horizontal large faults, therefore, in the continent, at the seashore and in the areas close to them, there are many mosaic structures of fault-blocks. Those blocks are various both in size and pattern. They represent the characteristics of the crust in depth and the migration of the materials in upper mantle and have their influence on the crust and its pattern.
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