Q扫描法反滤波在地震资料处理中的应用

A STUDY OF THE INVERSE Q SCANNING FILTERING AND ITS APPLICATION IN SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING

地质矿产部石油物探研究所

本文所讨论的Q扫描法反滤波是以Futterman(FTM)衰减模型为理论基础,在频率域内采用分时窗变Q扫描技术,对地层吸收所造成的地震波振幅和频率衰减而进行的补偿处理,其实质就是反大地滤波。用这种方法能够校正地震子波相位的拉伸,补偿地震波频率和振幅的损失,达到提高地震资料分辨率和信噪比以及改善相同轴连续性的目的。 本文论述了Q扫描法反滤波的理论基础和方法原理,并据此法在PDP-11/45机上对实际地震资料进行了处理。结果表明,这种方法提高了地震资料的分辨率,改善了剖面质量,从而为精细研究构造和岩性提供了一种有效的工具。

The theoretical foundation of the inverse Q scanning filtering treated in this paper is the FTM attenuation model advanced by Fatterman. The technique adopted is using the variable Q scanning to different time window in frequency domain. The compensation for the amplitude and the frequency attenuation resulted from the earth-absorption is in essence the inverse earth filtering. By correcting the stretch in wavelet phase and compensating the losses in frequency and amplitude, the resolution and the S/N ratio of the seismic data could be improved and also the quality of the events.The theoretical foundation and the substance of the inverse Q scanning filtering were introduced in this paper. The real data were processed by use of the PDP-11/45 computer. Results show that the resolution and the quality of the seismic section were really improved. It indicates that the technique recommended is indeed effective and useful for structure and lithology study.