地震信号的高低频成分补偿

HIGH/LOW FREQUENCY COMPENSATION OF SEISMIC SIGNAL

地质矿产部石油物探研究所

本文根据地震资料的部分频谱(10—50Hz),首先应用自回归方法预测低频成分.然后再应用最大方差模原理外推信号的高频成分,最终得到全频段的地震资料。低频补偿.有利于求取基本的速度结构和绝对速度值:高频补偿,能有效地压缩波形.压制噪声,从而提高地震资料的分辨率和信噪比。理论模型的试算结果表明,这种方法能成功地恢复信号中丢失的高低频成分。合成记录和实际资料的处理结果也令人满意。

With the knowledge of partial frequency spectra (10-50Hz) , first to predict the low frequency content using auto-regression and then extrapolate the high frequency content of the signal by means of the concept of maximum vairance norm.As a result, all frequency spectra could be obtained. The low frequency compensation helps determine the basic velocity structure as well as absolute velocity value, whereas the high frequency compensation could compress waveform and suppress noise so that the resolution and S/N of seismic data can be improved. The results of theoretical model trials indicate that the recommended approach can recover successfully the high/low frequency contents missing in signal. Moreover, the synthetic seismogram and processed result of real data both turn out satisfactory.