用双曲线变换滤波方法提高原始地震记录的信噪比

SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO ENHANCEMENT OF SEISMIC DATA BY HYPERBOLIC TRANSFORM FILTERING

长春地质学院

Chang Chun College of Geology

在一些地震地质条件比较复杂的地区,野外采集到的地震记录的信噪比常常很低,使通过水平叠加得到的CMP剖面难以用于解释。受倾斜叠加方法的启发,我们提出了一种新的提高信噪比的方法,即用双曲线变换滤波(HTF)的方法来压制随机干扰,加强有效反射信号。通过对理论资料的使用表明该方法的效果是十分显著的,即使在有效波被严重干扰的情况下仍能有效地增强有效信号,提高信噪比。可以预计,对一些因受到复杂地表条件等因素严重干扰的地震数据,该方法将会起到大大改善其信噪比的效果。

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a method for enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio for seismic data. The S/N ratio acquired in some situation,is so low that the stacked profiles are difficult,or even impossible to be interpreted. Arousing by the thought of tau-p transform which has been used to suppress noise, we have developed a new method for enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data. In this paper,hyperbolic transform filtering method is applied to common source records to reinforce the effective reflection signal and to suppress the random noises and regular noises. The method has been verified with model records and it works well. Even when the profile is heavily distored.the method still works and high signal-to-noise ratio effective signal can also be obtained. Therefore,with the application of this method, high quality results can be acquired from the seismic data heavily affected by unfavorable receiving surface conditions.