二维小波变换在提高地震资料分辨率中的应用

The use of 2-D wavelet transform in improving the resolution of seismic data

1. 石油大学(华东),东营 257062;2. 石油大学(北京),北京 102200

University of Petroleum, Dongying 257062

我们应用二维连续小波变换来提高地震记录的分辨率.二维连续小波变换把一个二元的地震信号变换为有关时间、频率、空间和波数四个方面的局部信息,这样就可以充分利用信号与噪声在时间、频率、空间和波数的四元函数,提供了地震信号有关时间、频率、空间和波数四个方面的局部信息,这样就可以充分利用信号与噪声在时间、频率、空间和波数方面的差异来压制各种噪声,能有效地提高信噪比。在提高信噪比的基础上,通过按不同的时间对不同的频率成份进行不同的补偿,可使地震信号因地层的吸收损失的高频成份或衰减的能量得到一定程度的补偿,使地震剖面的主频和频带宽提高到一倍至二倍左右。分辨率也明显地提高,对实际资料处理表明该方法是可行且有效的。

In the paper,we discuss how to use 2-D Continuous wavelet transform to improve the resolution of seismogram. The 2-D continuous wavelet transform can change the binary seismie signals into the four-variable function of time,frcquency,space,and wavenumber,providing the local information on the four aspects of the seismic signal. Thercfore, we can fully utilize the difference of time, ftequency, space, and wavenumber between the signals and noises to suppress the noises,which can effectivcly improvc the signal-to-noise ratio. On the basis of the improvement of signalto-niose ratio,by compensating the loss of high frequcney compononts and the attenuation of energy caused by strata absorption, the dominant frcquency and frequency bandwidth of seismic seetion can be increased by more than one time. Thc signal-to-noise ratio is also increased obviously. The real data processing shows that the method is feasible and effective.