地震子波提取方法研究

On the methods of seismic wavelet extraction

石油大学（华东）勘探系, 东营 257062

Department of Exploration, University of Petroleum, Dongying 257062

地震子波的提取是波阻抗反演及正演模型的基础工作,本文首先研究了确定性子波提取方法所存在的问题,即子波长度的确定、截断误差的影响、直流分量的消除及随机噪音的影响；然后对最近发展起来的利用地震记录的高阶累积量估算地震子波的方法进行了理论分析,将上述确定性方法和统计性方法结合起来,发展了一种约束外推地震子波的新方法；最后用实际资料进行了试算。

The extraction of seismic wavelet is the base of wave impedance inversion and forward model. In the paper, the problems existed in deterministic wavelet extraction method are researched at first, e. g.the definition of wavelet length, the effect of truncation error, the elimination of direct current component, and the influence of random noise. Then the recently developed method for estimating seismic wavelet by means of high-order cumulants of seismic record is analyzed theoretically. Combining the above deterministic method with statistical method, a new method for constrainedly extrapolating seismic wavelet is developed. Finally, actual data calculation is performed.