光学的启示——地震资料横向分辨率问题辨析

Inspiration of optics: Discrimination of lateral resolution of seismic data

中国石化石油勘探开发研究院南京石油物探研究所,江苏南京210014

Institute of Geophysical Prospecting, SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, Nanjing 210014, China

在地震资料解释中, 人们惯常将第一菲涅尔带半径作为地震数据横向分辨率的基准尺度。其实, 这样定义是一种似是而非的概念性错误。依据光学衍射原理, 阐释了这一定义所包容的几处主要错误, 并以几何光学原理和光波干涉叠加原理为基础, 求取任意方向分辨率的定量解析式。必须指出, 尽管据此解析式求得的横向分辨率, 与球面波入射时的第一菲涅尔带半径的计算式相同, 但我们绝不能用第一菲涅尔带半径冠名, 不然依然会产生概念上的混乱。

In seismic data interpretation, people usually use the radius of the first Fresnel zone as the basic dimension. In author's point of view, there are some conceptual errors in this definition. This paper discusses the errors associated with this definition according to the principles of optical diffraction. The quantitative analytical expression of resolution in an arbitrary direction is derived based on principles of geometrical optics and superposition principle of light wave. It should be pointed out that to avoid confusions in concept, we will by no means name the lateral resolution as the radius of the first fresnel zone, though the lateral resolution calculated from the expression is same as the one used for calculation of the radius of the first Fresnel zone in case of incidence of spherical waves.