黄土塬二维直测线地震勘探方法及效果

Methods and effects of 2-D straight line seismic exploration in area of loess tableland

1. Geophysical Prospecting Institute of SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oilfield, Puyang 457001, China;2. International Cooperation Department of SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oilfield, Puyang 457001, China

陕北黄土塬地震勘探是公认的世界级难题。以前的测线部署是沿沟弯线平面展布呈树枝状, 不形成闭合回路, 使得资料解释困难, 也难以对二维地震资料在平面上进行储层反演, 因而制约了油气勘探的发展。 2001年, 在采集上应用灵活的可变线元观测系统实现直测线过塬, 使测线形成闭合回路; 处理中采用基于模型反演的折射波静校正技术, 利用多种质量控制手段验证表层模型, 以此弥补低降速带资料的不足, 较好地解决了复杂地表静校正问题。

Seismic exploration in area of loess tableland is a difficult problem in the world. In the past, the seismic lines were lain in the valleys and could not be tied each other in plane, making the resulting data hard to interpret and reservoir inversion unable to be carried out. A close loop was achieved by using flexible linear bin layout in which lines passed through the hill straightly in acquisition. In data processing, proper static correction values were determined by refraction static correction that was based on model inversion. Near surface model was verified by different tools of quality control to make up for the lack of information about LVL. Thus problems related to static correction in areas of complex near surface was solved comfortably. With the control of pseudolog on lines not crossing wells, seismic data interpretation in plane was achieved.