小波变换在地震资料处理中的应用效果分析

Application of wavelet transform in seismic data processing

1. Geophysical Exploration and Development Company, SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company Limited, Dongying, 257100, China;2. Research Institute of Geologic Survey Division, SINOPEC Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau, Puyang 457001, China;3. Supervision Department, SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield company Limited, Dongying 257000, China;4. Geophysical Prospecting Institute of SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield company Limited, Dongying 257022, China

通过分析传统傅里叶变换、窗口傅里叶变换和小波变换的各自特点, 指出了传统傅里叶变换和窗口傅里叶变换的不足, 以及小波变换可对信号任意时刻的任何细节进行细致分析和精细处理的优势。利用小波变换对地震信号进行分频处理, 分别计算不同频段的数据体, 校正后再进行小波重建, 经过分频动校正和分频静校正, 来减少不同频率校正量存在的误差影响, 达到提高信号分辨率的目的。

Based on an analysis of conventional FFT, window FFT and wavelet transform, the paper points out the deficiency of conventional FFT and window FFT, and the advantage of wavelet transform in fine data processing at any detail and at any stage. Data sets are calculated for different frequency range by wavelet-transform-based frequency division processing. NMO and static corrections are then carried out on the resulting data. Finally wavelet reconstruction is performed. The proposed processes can decrease errors in the corrected quantity at different frequency and improves signal resolution.