南海北部含油气盆地地层压力预测与监控技术研究

The prediction and monitor technology of formation pressure in petroliferous basin

（中国科学院广州地球化学研究所与南海海洋研究所暨边缘海地质重点实验室， 广东广州 510640）

(Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences,Edge Sea Geology Lab,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640)

对于高温高压盆地只有准确地预测其地层压力，才能确保钻井的安全，才能搞好油气地质研究。地层异常高压将导致地震波速度降低，因此可以利用地震速度法来预测地层的压力。利用层速度趋势线法和电阻率法进行钻前预测；利用改进的DC指数法、伊顿（EATON）法、岩石强度法和常规测井参数进行地层压力随钻监控；利用中途VSP和SWD(RVSP)技术及纵向宽带约束反演技术对地层压力进行随钻预测。这些技术应用于南海北部大陆架东方1-1、崖21-1等构造取得了很好的效果。

Some basins in China (such as Ying gehai，Qiong Dongnan) are high temperature and high pressure basins.In order to insure drilling safety and do oil-gas geology research well,Stratum pressure must be forecast well and truly.Many pre-drilling pressure forecasting methods were got.Stratum exceptional high pressure make seismic wave velocity become low.At present,seismic wave velocity is popularly used to forcast the stratum pressure. The veracity of pressure forcasting lies on the calculating precision of seismic wave velocity.Many high precision velocity calculating or inversion methods were produced and applied,such as seismic tomography,seismic impedance inversion with log restrictin,and so on.At present,the effect of the pre-drilling pressure forcasting is ok. The effect of follow-drilling pressure forcasting and follow-drilling pressure surveillance is ok,too.