沙漠地区地震资料处理方法研究

Seismic processing for data from desert

（中国石化华东石油局第六物探大队，江苏南京 210007）

（The Sixth Geophysical Prospecting Party of East China Bureau of Petroleum; Nanjing 210007; China）

塔中沙漠地区地震原始资料的信噪比、分辨率、保真度低，有效波不突出,能量弱，连续性差，在叠加剖面上难以追踪。针对这些问题，采取了一系列有效措施。首先，通过预处理对原始资料进行净化，消除由各种干扰波和地表高差大给资料造成的影响，使单炮记录的信噪比、分辨率和保真度得到了提高；然后，通过速度分析和选择合适的叠加方式得到具有较高信噪比、分辨率和清晰度的叠加剖面；最后，对叠后数据体进行细化处理，采用相干加强、多项式拟合、径向预测滤波、倾角滤波、随机噪声衰减、叠后反褶积、频率补偿、时变谱白化、蓝色滤波和振幅补偿等处理手段，使最终的叠加剖面有效波主频从20Hz提高到40Hz。通过大量的试验分析，制定了适合于塔中地区地震资料的处理流程和参数。

The raw seismic data from the center of Tarim desert are low in signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, and fidelity Effective waves are smeared due to their low energy, therefore they are poor in continuity and difficult to identify on seismic sections A series of measures has been taken The raw seismic data were preconditioned to eliminate the effects of interference waves and varied altitude Poststack data were further refined by data processing method such as coherency enhancement, polynomial fitting, radial predictive filtering, dip filtering, elimination of random noise, poststack deconvolution, frequency compensation, time-variant spectral whitening, blue filtering, amplitude compensation, which increase the dominant frequency of effective waves from 20Hz to 40Hz Proper work flow of data processing and processing parameters were determined by test