合成地震记录制作的影响因素及对策

Influencing factors in making synthetic seismogram and counter measures

中国石化河南油田勘探开发研究院,河南南阳 473132

Institute of Exploration and Development, Henan Bureau of Petroleum Exploration, SINOPEC, Nanyang 473132 China

人工合成记录在地震资料的解释和储层预测中起着重要的作用,为此,从5个方面论述了合成记录制作过程中应该注意的问题,即①褶积模型建立;②子波参数选择;③测井资料与地震资料的匹配;④层位标定与地震记录的极性;⑤反射系数的精确提取等。这些问题都不同程度地制约着合成记录的制作精度,而精确的合成记录又是储层预测和油藏描述的重要前提。提出了用相关系数、声波曲线对比和求剩余记录等方法来检查合成记录制作的质量。

Synthetic seismogram plays an important role inseismic interpretation and seismic reservoir predic-tion. This paper discusses 5 issues that should bepaid attention to in making synthetic seismogram.These issues include construction of convolutionalmodel, selection of wavelet parameters, correlationof logging and seismic data, horizon calibration andthe polarity of seismic signal, as well as extraction ofaccurate reflection coefficients. These issues governin varying extent the accuracy of synthetic seismo-gram that is vital to reservoir prediction and charac-terization. Several methods, including correlation,correlation of acoustic curves, and calculation of re-sidual error, are proposed to control the quality ofsynthetic seismogram.