水驱4D地震监测岩石物理研究综述

A review on rock physical property study for 4-D seismic monitoring in water flooding reservoirs

1. 中国石化胜利石油管理局,山东东营 2571002. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京 100029

Shengli Petroleum Administrative Bureau, Dongying 257100, China

在前人研究成果的基础上,从Gassmann理论、测井数据以及岩石物理实验3个方面着重对水驱4D地震监测的岩石物理基础进行了分析。基于Gassmann方程的理论计算表明,油气层纵波速度一般低于水层的速度,油水层存在一定的速度差异。来自大庆、胜利以及新疆等地的部分测井资料表明,油层速度略低于水层速度,但这种差异并不明显。部分岩石物理实验测量结果也表明,高孔隙度、高渗透率岩石一般具有饱油纵波速度低于饱水纵波速度的特点;然而,也有相当一部分岩石物理测量结果与4D地震实施的理论基础相抵触。因此,进一步深入细致地开展水驱4D地震监测的岩石物理基础研究是非常必要的。

Rock physics properties of 4-D seismic monito-ring in water flooding reservoirs are emphaticallystudied by comprehensively analyzing previous au-thors' results from Gassmann equation computationand logging data analysis and rock physical measure-ment. The computation results based on Gassmannequation show that velocities of rocks saturated withoil and water are different and P-wave velocity ofrock saturated with oil or gas usually is lower thanthe velocity of the same rock fully saturated with wa-ter. The logging data from different oil fields, suchas Daqing, Shengli, Xinjiang and so on, also showthe same velocity regulation, but the velocity differ-ence is not so obvious. Some laboratorial data fromsandstone with higher porosity and permeability alsoshow the characteristics, but the other laboratorialdata show opposite velocity regularity to the compu-tation results from Gassmann equation. Therefore, itis very necessary for 4D seismic monitoring in water-flooding reservoirs to research and measure systemi-cally the rock physical properties.