随钻地震技术综述

A review of seismic-while-drilling technology

中国石化石油勘探开发研究院南京石油物探研究所,江苏南京 210014

Institute of Geophysical Prospecting, SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Nanjing 210014, China

随钻地震(SWD)技术是一种利用钻井过程中钻头破岩时的振动作为震源,用地面检波器排列接收信号进行地震测量的井中地震技术。它与逆垂直地震剖面(VSP)技术有着相似的观测方式,同样可以提供井旁逆VSP剖面。该技术与钻井作业同时进行,不需要安装井下仪器,不中断钻井过程,实时地采集地震信息。通过现场数据处理,可以确定钻头在地面地震时间剖面上的实时位置,并可以实时地预测钻头前方的地层压力情况,协助钻井安全决策和优化套管设计。其独特的观测方式和应用潜力在开发地震中有着重要的意义。文章对随钻地震技术的基本原理、实际应用和进展情况作了综述性的介绍。

Seismic-while-drilling ( SWD) is a downhole seismic technology that uses bit vibrations as a downhole source and surface geophones to measure signals. With the similar observation geometry as reverse VSP, SWD promises timely seismic information without interrupting drilling and without deploying any downhole hardware. By processing the acquired data in the field, we can know the bit s position relative to the seismic section and predict the pressure ahead of the bit. This paper outlines the principles of seismic-while-drilling and its potential uses, as well as looks at developments to date.