叠后地震油气检测技术与应用

Post-stack seismic hydrocarbon detection technology and application

1. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，北京100029;2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院，甘肃兰州730020

Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

叠前油气检测属性主要来自于AVO分析,但叠前数据的计算和分析工作不仅量大,且叠前数据还存在着反射能量弱、大偏移距拉伸畸变等缺陷,为此,探讨了叠后地震油气检测的技术方法。从地震资料检测油气的原理出发,对有效吸收系数、地震波动力学参数和振幅谱等参数对油气的反映特征进行了分析,提出了叠后地震油气检测技术,认为呈现有效带宽能量增强、吸收系数加大、平均频率变低(“两高一低”)特征的储层,含油气的可能性较大。在X油田XP区块,利用叠后地震油气检测技术对M砂组的含油气性进行了预测,根据预测结果部署的X3井在M砂组获得了工业油流。

Pre-stack hydrocarbon detection attributes aremainly from AVO analysis. Since the quantity of pre-stack data computation and analysis work is big, pre-stack data has weak reflection energy and stretching distortion for large offset, Post-stack hydrocarbon detectionmethod is proposed. Based on the theory of detecting hydrocarbon by seismic data, this paper discusses the hydrocarbon characteristic reflected by effective absorption, dynamic parameter of seismic wave and spectrum discrimination. Applying these techniques, the a-nomalies caused by the hydrocarbon reservoirs can be discriminated effectively. The results show that integrating above three techniques can decrease themuti-solu-tions of hydrocarbon detection.