地震资料一致性处理方法研究与初步应用

Study and primary application on consistency processing of seismic data.

1. 胜利石油管理局地球物理勘探开发公司，山东东营257100;2. 大庆石油学院，黑龙江大庆163000

Geophysical Exploration and development Corporation of Shengli Petroleum Administrative Bureau,Dongying 257100,China

地震资料一致性处理对于复杂地表条件下不同震源、不同检波器、不同采集方式地震资料的连接对比,以及以区域构造特征和油气分布总体研究为目的的大连片处理至关重要。为此,开展了地震资料一致性处理方法研究。在总结当前一致性处理方法的基础上,详细阐述了互均衡处理技术的方法原理。该技术直接从叠加地震记录入手,采用最小平方算法求取多个匹配滤波算子,将各匹配滤波算子作用于一组数据,达到一致性处理的目的。互均衡处理技术综合了现有各种一致性处理方法的优点,不仅可以适应地震子波时变的特点,实现振幅、时差、频率、相位以及波形等的全面校正,而且能够避免噪声的影响。对新疆沙漠地区可控震源与炸药震源记录的一致性处理试验表明,该方法可以大大提高不同震源资料的一致性,采用的全局匹配滤波方式,可以同时兼顾深浅层地震子波的变化。

It has important significance to study the consistent processing methods of seismic data for seismic section con- nection and comparison from different sources,geophones and acquisition systems under complex surface condition as well as unified seismic data processing in order to research regional structural feature and total oil gas distribution pat- tern.Based on advantages and shortages for present con- sistent processing methods of seismic data,this paper dis- cussed the principle of cross-equalization processing in de- tail.Starting with stack processing data,this method a- dopts least-square algorithm to compute several optimum match filters and applies each match filter in one group of stack data,the processing is achieved.It almost includes all the advantages of present consistent processing meth- ods,not only can it suit for the time-variant characteristics of seismic wavelet,realize overall corrections for ampli- tude,time difference,frequency,phase and waveform,but also avoid the influence of noise.Good effects have been proved by stack processing data from vibroseis and explo- sive in desert area of Xinjiang.