图像数字处理技术在叠后去噪中的应用

The application of image digital technology in poststack noise attenuation.

1. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，北京100029;2. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院，北京100083;3. 阿派斯科技(北京)有限公司，北京100016

China Academy of Sciences Geology and Geophysical Institute,Beijing 100029,China

地表条件和地下构造复杂地区的地震资料,受噪声和干扰信号影响严重,信噪比低,有效信号难以识别。常规去噪方法往往在去噪的同时也降低了资料的分辨率,为此,对图像数字处理技术去噪处理方法进行了探讨。介绍了图像数字处理技术去噪的方法原理,给出了图像分离和图像重构的数学表达式,并用2个实例说明了图像数字处理技术去噪的效果。对图像数字处理技术去噪处理前后的地震剖面进行了对比,结果表明,去噪处理后的剖面品质较之去噪前有较大的改善,反射特征更为清晰,同相轴的连续性增强。此外,与其它去噪方法处理的剖面对比表明,经图像数字处理技术去噪处理过的剖面,弱反射的成像效果有较大的提高,背景噪声被很好地衰减。图像数字去噪处理方法不仅能提高资料的信噪比,还能保持资料原有的分辨率。

The S/N of seismic data is low in the area of complex surface condition and subsurface structures due to serious noise and disturb signal.It is difficult to identify effective signal.General noise attenuation method reduces the reso- lution of data while attenuating noise.So the paper ana- lysed on image digital noise attenuation processing method. The principle and expression of image abruption and image restructure.Two examples illuminating the effect on image digital noise attenuation method were given.In comparison with the section before digital noise attenuation processing, the quality of section after the noise attenuation is better. The reflection character is clear.The continuity of event was enhanced;the image effect of weak reflection is more improved.The noise from background is attenuated well. Not only does the image digital noise attenuation processing method improve the S/N,but also keeps the primary reso- lution.