检波器二次剩余定位方法与效果

Method and effect of secondary residual orientation for geophone

（1．中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利石油管理局物探公司，山东东营257100；2．上海赛因软件开发有限责任公司，上海200092）

Geophysical Prospecting Company, Shengli Oilfield, SINOPEC, Dongying 257100, China

浅海地震勘探中目前常用的两种检波器定位方法——声波定位方法和初至波定位方法各有优点和缺点。声波定位方法采收率低，水下接收器故障率高；初至波定位方法没有考虑折射波，且忽视了水深造成的影响。为此，提出用声波定位结果作为初始值，用直达波和折射波旅行时反演计算检波器位置的方法——检波器二次剩余定位方法。该方法在计算检波器位置的同时，反演计算了海水速度与海底速度，通过循环计算，提高了检波器定位精度。理论分析和实际资料处理表明，该方法比声波定位方法能反映更多细节，剩余定位后的道集波组特征更加明显，剖面质量有较大提高。

Both of the two commonly used geophone orientation positioning methods have their advantages and disadvantages. Acoustic orientation method is of low recovery rate while the underwater receiver has a high failure rate. Meanwhile, the first break orientation method does not take the refraction into consideration and ignores the effect of water depth. Therefore, the secondary residual orientation for geophone was proposed. In using this method, the acoustic orientation result is set as initial value, the travel-time of direct wave and refracted wave is inverted and calculated for the position of geophone. At the same time, the speed of sea water and sea floor is also inverted. Through circular computations, the orientation accuracy of geophone is enhanced. Actual data processing indicates that the method can reflect more details than the acoustic orientation method and the gathers after residual orientation have stronger composite wave features, resulting in a great improvement of profile quality. 