基于散射成像的多次波衰减

Multiple attenuation based on scattering imaging

（1.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029；2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100085；3.中国地质大学,北京100083；4.帕拉代姆地球物理公司,北京100004；5.哈里伯顿国际公司，北京100004）

Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029,China

为解决地震数据处理中的多次波问题，研究了散射成像衰减多次波方法，分析了该方法的基本原理、实现步骤以及实际应用效果。散射成像方法主要是根据散射波的波场特征及散射理论，利用共散射点的等效偏移距道集对地下地质体进行偏移成像。基于共散射点道集（CSP）成像时，每炮利用了多道信息，而在CSP道集中，仅入射角等于反射角的少数道含有多次波，因此，散射成像具有衰减多次波的特性。实际应用表明，该方法在衰减多次波方面效果明显。

In order to attenuate multiples in seismic data processing, scattering imaging in attenuating multiples was studied. The principles, realizing methods and actual application results of the method were analyzed. Scattering imaging is based on the wavefield characterisitics and scattering theory, utilizes the equivalent offset of common scattering point gathers to image the subsurface geologic bodies. In the imaging based on CSP, every shot uses more information. But in CSP gathers, multiples can be received when the incident angle is equal to the reflected angle. Thus, scattering imaging can attenuate multiples. Actual application shows that the method is effective in multiples attenuation.