基于动态褶积模型的动态子波估计

Dynamic wavelet estimation based on the dynamic convolution model

（1.西南石油大学，四川成都610500；2.中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院南京石油物探研究所,江苏南京210014；3.四川石油管理局地球物理勘探公司，四川成都610059）

Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

目前常用的地震子波估计方法基于传统的褶积模型，没有考虑子波在传播过程中的动态衰减特性。针对这一问题，对传统褶积模型进行了改进，建立了能够描述子波衰减特性的动态褶积模型，并以动态褶积模型为基础提出了动态子波估计方法。该方法首先对衰减地震道做频谱分析；然后假设反射系数的频谱为白谱，通过对衰减地震道频谱值做平滑，去除反射系数谱值的影响，获取动态子波的振幅谱值；最后对子波相位做一定假设，从而求得动态子波。理论模型分析与实例计算结果表明，该方法是可行的。

At present, the general seismic wavelet estimation methods are based on traditional convolution model in which the dynamic attenuation effect in wavelet traveling is not taken into consideration. So, the traditional convolution model needs to be improved. The dynamic convolution model which can describe the wavelet attenuation was established and the dynamic wavelet estimation method was proposed based on dynamic convolution model. The principles of the method are that, firstly, the spectrum analysis is made for the seismic traces to be attenuated; secondly, the frequency-spectrum of the reflectivity is assumed as the white spectrum, and, after smoothness on the frequency-spectrum value of the traces to be attenuated, the impact of reflectivity-spectrum value is removed, to obtain amplitude-spectrum value of the dynamic wavelet; finally, a certain assumption is made on the wavelet phase to obtain dynamic wavelet. The theoretical model analysis and example computation show that the method is feasible.