储层的地震识别模式分析及定量预测技术初探 ——以塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层为例

Seismic recognition model analysis and probe of quantitative reservoir prediction technology: Case study of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield

(中国石油化工股份有限公司西北分公司勘探开发研究院，新疆乌鲁木齐830011)

Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Northwest Petroleum Branch Company, SINOPEC, Urumqi 830011, China

通过对塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层模型正演研究，结合储层实际地震反射特征，依据碳酸盐岩岩溶储集体的形态、规模、组合形式、距奥陶系风化面距离等多种影响因素，对塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层识别模式进行了系统的总结分析，总结出了不规则地震反射结构、串珠状强振幅地震反射结构、弱振幅低频地震反射结构三种储层地震识别模式，并对每种识别模式和三者之间的组合方式进行了详细论述。在此基础上，运用时频分析、反射强度、波形分析技术，依据对缝洞体空间分布研究及实钻的溶洞统计分析结果等资料，以缝洞单元划分结果为约束条件，对三维缝洞储集体的有效空间分布进行精细刻画，并求取视体积。初步探索了碳酸盐岩储层的定量预测方法，并取得一定效果。

According to the forward modeling of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield, combined with the actual seismic reflecting characteristics, systematic study was carried out on recognition pattern of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield according to affecting factors, such as the shape, the scope, the configuration and the distance to the erosion surface. There are three seismic models in this area, including the irregular reflection configuration, the pinch-and-swell form strong reflection configuration and the weak-amplitude and low frequency configuration. Then, the three models and their configuration pattern were described in detail. On this basis, the effective spatial distribution of the 3-D cavity is depicted exactly by the technologies of spectral decomposition analysis, the reflection strength and the waveform classification analysis, according to the distribution of fractured cavern units and statistical analysis results of the drilled caverns, and taking the classification results of the fractured-cavern units as constrained condition. At the same time, the apparent volume was obtained. The quantitative prediction methods of carbonate reservoirs have been probed initially，and some effect has been obtained.