Morlet小波分频处理在提高地震资料分辨率中的应用

Application of Morlet wavelet frequency-division processing in enhancing the seismic data resolution.

(1.中国石油勘探开发研究院，北京100083；2.中国石油化工股份有限公司勘探开发研究院，北京100083；3.中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田物探院，山东东营257100)

Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

利用常规方法对地震资料进行处理，其频带受原始地震资料频带的制约，通常不能满足精细储层预测和描述的需要，为此，提出了一种Morlet小波变换分析方法来提高地震资料的分辨率。该方法具有良好的时频局部化性质而优于传统的傅里叶分析方法。Morlet小波变换分析作为叠后地震资料分频方法更适应于地震频谱分析。首先利用Morlet小波变换建立恰当的小波滤波器组，然后对地震信号做相应频谱分析，分别对单道数据及实际资料进行处理，得到了不同尺度的地震资料，最后对处理结果进行了分频反演。最终结果表明，用Morlet小波变换分析处理后的地震资料，其品质得到了明显的改善，处理后的剖面同相轴变细，频带变宽，分辨率得到了提高。

In traditional data processing, the frequency band was restricted by original frequency band, which cannot satisfy the demand for fine reservoir description and prediction. Therefore, the Morlet wavelet transform method which is good in time-frequency localization was proposed to improve the resolution of seismic data, and as a poststack seismic data frequency-division method, it is more suitable for seismic spectrum analysis. Firstly, the Morlet wavelet transform is utilized to eatablish a suitable wavelet filter bank. Then, a relevant spectrum analysis is made on seismic signals and the seismic data of different scales is obtained after processing a single trace data and actual data separately. Finally, the frequency-division inversion is made based on processing results. The ultimate result shows that the quality of seismic data has been greatly improved after the Morlet wavelet transform. After processing, the profiles have thinner event, wider frequency band, and higher resolution.