准噶尔盆地中部地震资料提高分辨率处理研究

Study of processing technology for enhancing the resolution of seismic data in the central area of Jungar basin

（中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司物探研究院，山东东营257022）

Geophysical Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield, Dongying 257022, China

准噶尔盆地中部地区地表大部分被沙漠、戈壁砾石覆盖，地震勘探分辨率较低。在对各勘探区块实际资料处理的基础上，提出了该区地震资料的特点和处理的技术难点，并总结了提高分辨率处理的思路和技术措施。主要包括：①消除近地表因素对资料采集的影响，包括静校正和噪音压制技术等；②叠前拓宽地震资料频带，包括振幅补偿和叠前反褶积技术等；③借助高精度速度分析、剩余静校正和高次项NMO技术，通过多次覆盖叠加，消除资料中随机噪声干扰，提高资料信噪比，尤其是高频端反射信息的信噪比，改善高频反射和弱反射信号信噪比，提高“高频反射死亡线”；④叠后有限反射频带识别、抬高优势频率等。利用上述手段，有效地提高了地震资料的分辨率，从而提高了与钻井资料的吻合程度。

Most of the central area of Junngar basin is covered by desert and gobi, leading to a low resolution of seismic data. Based on actual data processing of prospecting areas, the characteristics of seismic data and the technical difficulties in data processing were summarized. The clues and techniques to improve the resolution of data processing are 1) removing the affection of near surface factors on data acquisition，including static correction and noise eliminating technique etc, 2) broadening the frequency band of pre-stack seismic data, including amplitude compensation and pre-stack deconvolution etc, 3) improving S/N ratio of high frequency and weak reflection signals through multiple coverage with high precision velocity analysis, residual static correction and high-order NMO, raising “dead line of high frequency reflection”, and 4) identifying post-stack effective reflection frequency band, enhancing dominant frequency and so on. By take the advantages of these techniques, the data resolution can be improved efficiently and the seismic data will be in better accordance with the borehole data.