地震资料采集中的最大干扰距离计算

Estimation of maximum interference distance in seismic data acquisition

（中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司，河北涿州072751）

Acquisition Technical Support Department, BGP.CNPC，Zhuozhou 072751, China

在2个或2个以上的地震队同时在一个地区进行野外地震资料采集的情况下，一个地震队所激发的地震波往往会干扰另一个地震队所接收的地震信息。这就引出一个最大干扰距离的概念，即一个地震队激发的地震波能量不被另一个地震队所接收的最短距离。很明显，最大干扰距离与震源类型和激发条件有关。讨论了最大干扰距离计算的方法原理，即利用实际地震资料，计算炮记录各道的均方根振幅，利用幂函数拟合得到振幅随炮检距变化的衰减曲线，结合背景噪声记录的均方根振幅，求出最大干扰距离。在伊朗AMK工区的三维地震勘探中，中国和伊朗的2个地震队同时在这一区域进行地震资料采集工作，为了避免出现相互干扰的情况，利用上述方法分别计算了炸药震源和可控震源的最大干扰距离,并进行了采集试验。结果表明,当2个队施工的距离大于最大干扰距离时，同时进行资料采集不会产生相互干扰,由此说明以上方法是合理可行的。

When two or more seismic crews collect field seismic data in the same area and at the same time, the shooting energy often disturbs the seismic data received by each other. Therefore, the so-called maximum interference distance, in other words, the shortest distance that the shooting energy cant be received by the other crew, is proposed. Obviously, the maximum interference distance is related to source mode and shooting conditions. The calculating rules of the maximum interference distance were discussed and the actual seismic data was used to calculate the root-mean-square amplitude of the record traces. The AVO attenuation curve was obtained by a power function fitting. The maximum interference distance was set combined with the root-mean-square amplitude recorded by background noise. During 3D seismic exploration in AMK working area of Iran, two seismic crews from China and Iran acquired seismic data together. In order to avoid interference, the above mentioned method was used to calculate the maximum interference distance of dynamite source and vibroseis. The acquisition test was also carried out. The results show that when the distance between two crews is longer than the maximum interference distance, the data acquiring at the same time will not disturb each other. Therefore, the method is feasible in the field.