可控震源在地震勘探中的应用前景与问题分析

2008年 47卷 第No. 5期
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Analysis of vibroseis in seismic exploration and its application
(CNPC东方地球物理公司凌云研究组,河北涿州072751)
Lingyun Research Group,BGP,CNPC,Zhuozhou 072751,China
尽管可控震源较之炸药震源至今仍存在频宽和相位等诸多方面的不足,但在国际地震勘探领域,可控震源已成为最为主要的激发震源,并被广泛应用于油气勘探开发中。现今仅有极少数国家还在使用炸药震源,其中最主要的因素是炸药震源存在环保和安全问题,而宽方位和高密度等高精度地震勘探技术的应用也是重要因素之一。为此,对国际可控震源的应用和发展趋势进行了分析,认为无论是从经济效益的角度,还是从环保与安全的角度,可控震源将必然成为未来国内主要的地震勘探震源而得到广泛应用。针对我国陆相薄储层和油田开发中存在的问题和具有的特点,着重讨论了可控震源在采集、处理和解释中面临的问题,以及相关技术的发展和效益问题。

Although vibroseis has some disadvantages in frequency width and phase compared to explosive source, it has become the main shoting source in international seismic exploration and is widely applied in hydrocarbon exploration and development. Now, only a few countries still use explosive source because it has some problems in environmental protection and security. In addition, the application of high resolution seismic exploration techniques including wide azimuth and high density acquisition is also one of the important factors. Aiming at these problems, we analyzed the international application and development trend of vibroseis, showing that the vibroseis will certainly become the main seismic exploration source at home and be widely applied from the points of both economic efficiency and environmental protection. Furthermore, we also discussed the problems of vibroseis in data acquisition, processing and interpretation as well as the benefit and development of relevant techniques based on the characteristics of continental thin reservoirs in China.

可控震源; 炸药震源; 空间相对分辨率; 零相位子波; 小相位子波;
vibroseis; explosive source; spatial relative resolution; zero phase wavelet; small phase wavelet;