自适应单频干扰波识别与消除方法研究

The self-adaptive method for identifying and eliminating the single-frequency interference wave

（1.成都理工大学，四川成都610059；2.东方地球物理公司物探技术研究中心，河北涿州072751）

Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

在地震数据采集中，如果测线上方有高压输电线通过，记录中就会出现50 Hz左右的强单频干扰波。这种干扰波从浅层到深层频率、相位和振幅基本保持不变，因此，采用频率域压制方法很难完全将其消除干净，且会伤害到有效信号。但可以在时间域采用同频率不同振幅的正弦函数和余弦函数的组合来逼近这种单频干扰波，并从地震记录中将其减去，达到消除这种干扰波的目的。本方法的最大优点就是能够有效地消除干扰波，而不伤害干扰波附近的有效信号，从而提高单频波频率分量附近数据的信噪比。实际数据试算结果表明该方法有效可行。

In seismic data acquisition, if a high voltage power transmission line crosses over a seismic line, a strong single-frequency interference wave around 50Hz will appear in seismic record, and its frequency, phase and amplitude almost remain stationary. Therefore, frequency domain suppression method can not entirely remove the interference wave, which may damage the effective signal. The combination of sine function and cosine function with the same frequency but different amplitudes in time domain can be used to approach the single-frequency interference wave. Then the interference wave is subtracted from the seismic record to eliminate it. The major advantage of this method is that it can quickly and effectively eliminate the interference wave without damaging the effective signals around the interference wave, greatly improve the S/N. actual data trial results show that the method is feasible and effective.