相位校正判别准则的改进及应用效果分析

Improvement of discriminant criteria for phase correction and its application effect

（1.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，北京100029；2.中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司物探研究院，山东东营257022；3.中国石油大学地球资源与信息学院，山东东营257061；4.中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司，山东东营257000）

Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

相位差问题是影响有效反射信号实现同相叠加的重要因素之一，而相位校正的关键是依据一定的判别准则求取相位校正角。首先介绍了目前相位校正中常用的几种判别准则，然后对各种判别准则的优缺点和适用范围进行了分析。针对目前常用的最大方差模方法计算效率低和解析法计算精度不够高的特点，对常用的相位校正判别准则进行了改进，提出一种新的相位校正方法：先用最大方差模方法对模型道的剩余相位进行校正，然后用解析法计算各道的相位校正角，实现精确的相位校正。理论模型试算和实际资料处理表明，改进的方法能够提高相位校正角的计算效率和计算精度，在消除剩余相位的影响、提高地震资料信噪比、增强反射同相轴的连续性和改善叠加剖面的质量方面有着明显的效果。

Phase difference is one of the important factors affecting the in-phase stacking for effective reflecting signals. The key point in phase correction is to get the phase correction angle based on a certain discriminant criterion. Firstly, several conventional phase correction criteria were introduced. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of these criteria and its applicability were analyzed. Aiming at the low computation efficiency of maximum variance norm method and the insufficient computation accuracy of analytic method, we modified the conventional phase correction criteria and proposed a new phase correction method. Maximum variance norm method was firstly used to correct the residual phase of model gathers and the analytic method used to compute the phase correction angle in each gather to realize accurate correction of phase. Theoretical model and actual data processing show that the modified method can enhance the computation accuracy and efficiency of phase corrected angle and is very good in eliminating the negative effect of residual phase, improving S/N of seismic data, improving the continuity of reflecting events, and improving the quality of stacking profiles.