基于突变理论的地震资料解释技术及应用

Seismic data interpretation based on catastrophe theory and its application

(1.西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室，陕西西安710069；2.中海石油研究中心，北京100027)

State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China

地层中的断裂、裂缝以及油气的聚集都会导致地震信号突变，因此在油气勘探中可以利用突变理论进行储层预测、断裂检测、异常体边界识别等。阐述了尖点突变理论，建立了地震信号尖点突变模型，并将其转化为尖点突变的标准形式。通过在时间域提取突跳势、突跳时间，在频率域提取突跳势、突跳次数等突变参数，进行储层预测，油气显示与突变参数的符合率达80%。突变参数的切片或曲线可以突出地层的不连续性，显示构造的展布方向。突变异常与构造(边界)有较好的对应关系，可以对异常体边界进行识别。

Fault, fracture and hydrocarbon accumulation may cause the catastrophe of seismic signals. Therefore, the catastrophe theory can be used in exploration activities to predict reservoir, detect fault, and recognize the boundary of anomalous bodies. The cusp catastrophe theory was described. The cusp catastrophe model of seismic signal was established, and it was converted into the standard form of cusp catastrophe. By extracting catastrophe potential and catastrophe time in time domain and extracting catastrophe potential and catastrophe times in frequency domain, the reservoirs are predicted and good results achieved. The coincidence rate of hydrocarbon show and catastrophe parameters reaches 80%. The slice or curve of catastrophe parameters can stress the discontinuity of formation and display the distribution of structures. So the catastrophe abnormalities have a good corresponding relationship with structure boundaries and can be used to recognize the boundary of abnormal boundary.